查看“Playwright”的源代码

Playwright是微软源的一个Web测试和自动化框架。支持 Chromium、Firefox和WebKit浏览器，[[Linux]]、[[macOS]]和[[Windows]]平台，[[Python]]、.NET和[[Java]]等多语言。 

==简介==
===时间轴===

===安装===
安装[[Python]]版本：
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash" >
# 安装pytest插件版playwright
# pip install pytest-playwright
# 安装Pytest
pip install playwright 

# 安装所有支持的浏览器及配置驱动
# playwright install
# 只安装chrome浏览器及配置驱动，使用playwright install -h可以查看帮助
# 目前支持chromium, chrome, chrome-beta, msedge, msedge-beta, msedge-dev, firefox, webkit浏览器。 
playwright install chrome
</syntaxhighlight>
{{了解更多
|[https://playwright.dev/python/docs/intro Playwright Python 文档：安装]
|[https://playwright.dev/python/docs/library  Playwright Python 文档：入门]
}}
==快速入门==
=== 同步模式 ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="python" >
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

playwright = sync_playwright().start()
# 使用playwright.chromium, playwright.firefox or playwright.webkit
# 默认无界面模式，launch使用headless=False设置有界面
browser = playwright.firefox.launch(headless=False)
page = browser.new_page()
page.goto("https://www.baidu.com")
page.screenshot(path="截图.png")
browser.close()
playwright.stop()
</syntaxhighlight>

更常用使用with语句：
<syntaxhighlight lang="python" >
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

with sync_playwright() as p:
    browser = p.firefox.launch(headless=False)
    page = browser.new_page()
    page.goto("https://www.baidu.com/")
    # 输入框输入文字
    # page.locator('//input[@id="kw"]').fill('playwright') 
    page.fill('//input[@id="kw"]', 'playwright')
    # 点击搜索按钮
    # page.locator('//input[@id="su"]').click()  
    page.click('//input[@id="su"]')
    # 延迟5秒，单位毫秒
    page.wait_for_timeout(5*1000)    
    page.screenshot(path="截图.png")
    browser.close()
</syntaxhighlight>

代码在[[Jupyter]]中运行会出现错误：<code>Error: It looks like you are using Playwright Sync API inside the asyncio loop.Please use the Async API instead.</code>。解决办法：代码保存到<code>测试.py</code>，在终端运行<code>python 测试.py</code>。
{{了解更多
|[https://playwright.dev/python/docs/library  Playwright Python 文档：入门]
}}
=== 异步模式 ===
使用with语句
<syntaxhighlight lang="python" >
import asyncio
from playwright.async_api import async_playwright

async def main():
    async with async_playwright() as p:
        browser = await p.firefox.launch(headless=False)
        page = await browser.new_page()
        await page.goto("https://wwww.baidu.com")
        print(await page.title())
        await browser.close()

asyncio.run(main())
</syntaxhighlight>
{{了解更多
|[https://playwright.dev/python/docs/library  Playwright Python 文档：入门]
}}
==浏览器==
===安装和使用===
{| class="wikitable" 
! 名称
! 描述
|-
| chromium
| 使用<code>playwright install chromium</code>安装好浏览器和驱动
<syntaxhighlight lang="python" >
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

with sync_playwright() as p:
    browser = p.chromium.launch(headless=False)
    page = browser.new_page()
    page.goto("https://www.baidu.com/")
    page.wait_for_timeout(5*1000)  # 等待5秒   
    page.screenshot(path="截图.png")
    browser.close()
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| chrome
| 使用<code>playwright install chrome</code>自动安装浏览器和驱动，也可以自己安装浏览器和驱动。
<syntaxhighlight lang="python" >
browser = p.chromium.launch(
        channel="chrome",
        headless=False,
        slow_mo=10,
        # 跳过检测
        args=['--disable-blink-features=AutomationControlled']
    )
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| firefox
| 使用<code>playwright install firefox</code>自动安装浏览器和驱动<syntaxhighlight lang="python" >
browser = p.firefox.launch(headless=False)
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 
| 
|}
==检测与防检测==
===防检测===
{| class="wikitable" 
! 名称
! 描述
! 示例
|-
| 设置参数，运行add_init_script
| 删除一些特征。
<syntaxhighlight lang="python" >
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

with sync_playwright() as p:
    browser = p.chromium.launch(
            channel="chrome",
            headless=False,
            slow_mo=10,
            # 防检测
            args=['--disable-blink-features=AutomationControlled']
        )
    page = browser.new_page()
    page.add_init_script("""
    Object.defineProperties(navigator, {webdriver:{get: () => undefined}});
    """)
    page.goto("https://wwww.baidu.com")
    page.wait_for_timeout(5*1000)    
    page.screenshot(path="截图.png")
    browser.close()
</syntaxhighlight>
|-
| 
| 
| 
|-
| 
| 
| 
|}

==资源==
===官网===
* Playwright 官网：https://playwright.dev
* Playwright 源代码：https://github.com/microsoft/playwright
* Playwright Python版源代码：https://github.com/microsoft/playwright-python
* Playwright Python 文档：https://playwright.dev/python/docs/intro

===网站===

===文章===